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Integrated information theory (IIT) is a framework intended to understand and explain the nature of consciousness. It was developed by psychiatrist and neuroscientist Giulio Tononi of the University of Wisconsin–Madison. For a popular account, see. Tononi's initial ideas were further developed by Adam Barrett, who created similar measures of integrated information〔Barrett, A.B., & Seth, A.K. (2011). Practical measures of integrated information for time-series data. PLoS Comput. Biol., 7(1): e1001052〕 such as "phi empirical". == Overview == The integrated information theory (IIT) of consciousness attempts to explain consciousness, or conscious experience, at the fundamental level using a principled, theoretical framework. The theory starts from two key postulations regarding the nature of consciousness: That consciousness has ''information'' regarding its experience, and that the experience is ''integrated'' to the extent that parts of an experience are informative of each other.〔 Here, IIT embraces the information theoretical sense of ''information''; that is, information is the reduction in uncertainty regarding the state of a variable, and conversely is what increases in specifying a variable with a growing number of possible states. When applied to conscious experience as we know it, since the number of different possible experiences generated by a human consciousness is considerably large, the amount of information this conscious system must hold should also be large. The list of a system's possible states is called its "repertoire" in IIT. In a system composed of connected "mechanisms" (nodes containing information and causally influencing other nodes), the information among them is said to be ''integrated'' if and to the extent that there is a greater amount of information in the repertoire of a whole system regarding its previous state than there is in the sum of all the mechanisms considered individually. In this way, integrated information does not increase by simply adding more mechanisms to a system if the mechanisms are independent of each other. Applied to consciousness, parts of an experience (qualia) such as color and shape are not experienced separately for the reason that they are integrated, unified in a single, whole experience; applied in another way, our digestive system is not considered part of our consciousness because the information generated in the body is not intrinsically integrated with the brain. In IIT 3.0, the 2014 revision of IIT, five axioms were established in underpinning the theory: * Consciousness exists * Consciousness is compositional (structured) * Consciousness is informative * Consciousness is integrated * Consciousness is exclusive ''See the (original article ) for more information.'' The suggestion is that the ''quantity'' of consciousness in a system is measured by the amount of integrated information it generates. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Integrated information theory」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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